Disagreement Of The Bride
Question:-
As salamu alaykum
I want to ask the ruling on this matter:
a woman appointed a wakeel so that he may carry out her marriage. A few months pass and the marriage is not done yet. She makes clear to the grooms side that she has change of mind and does not currently want to go ahead with marriage. The grooms side is aware of her change of mind but they have the wakeel represent her for carrying out the nikah. The wakeel is not aware that the woman has changed her mind and he becomes present to represent her. Nikah is carried out.
In this case, is the nikah done?
If yes, what option does the female have since the nikah was.carried out against her wishes?
Jazakumullah khayr
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Assalāmualaykum Warahmatullāhi Wabarakātuhū
Hāmidan Wamuswalliyan
Al Jawāb Bi’ounillāh Wa’alayhi At-tuklān
It is clear that the Nikāh of the said woman is invalid. The bridegroom was aware that the bride have refused to further her Nikāh with him.
The Wakīl is only an agent/representative for the Muwakkil (bride). If the Muwakkil did not agree to proceed with the contract, even though the agent (Wakīl) being unaware of the changes and he carried out the Nikāh, it will be void.
In conclusion that lady is free and the Nikāh is invalid.
Almighty Allāh knows best.
Muftī Mohammad Ashhad Bin Saeed Al Mahmūdy
Dāruliftaa Mahmoodiyyah Mauritius
Whatsapp +23052902134
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بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع (2/ 231)
ثُمَّ النِّكَاحُ كَمَا يَنْعَقِدُ بِهَذِهِ الْأَلْفَاظِ بِطَرِيقِ الْأَصَالَةِ يَنْعَقِدُ بِهَا بِطَرِيقِ النِّيَابَةِ، بِالْوَكَالَةِ، وَالرِّسَالَةِ؛ لِأَنَّ تَصَرُّفَ الْوَكِيلِ كَتَصَرُّفِ الْمُوَكِّلِ، وَكَلَامَ الرَّسُولِ كَلَامُ الْمُرْسِلِ، وَالْأَصْلُ فِي جَوَازِ الْوَكَالَةِ فِي بَابِ النِّكَاحِ مَا رُوِيَ أَنَّ النَّجَّاشِيَّ زَوَّجَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – أُمَّ حَبِيبَةَ – رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا – فَلَا يَخْلُو ذَلِكَ إمَّا أَنْ فَعَلَهُ بِأَمْرِ النَّبِيِّ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – أَوْ لَا بِأَمْرِهِ، فَإِنْ فَعَلَهُ بِأَمْرِهِ فَهُوَ وَكِيلُهُ، وَإِنْ فَعَلَهُ بِغَيْرِ أَمْرِهِ فَقَدْ أَجَازَ النَّبِيُّ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – عَقْدَهُ وَالْإِجَازَةُ اللَّاحِقَةُ كَالْوَكَالَةِ السَّابِقَةِ، وَكَمَا يَنْعَقِدُ النِّكَاحُ بِالْعِبَارَةِ يَنْعَقِدُ بِالْإِشَارَةِ مِنْ الْأَخْرَسِ إذَا كَانَتْ إشَارَتُهُ مَعْلُومَةً وَيَنْعَقِدُ بِالْكِتَابَةِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْكِتَابَ مِنْ الْغَائِبِ خِطَابُهُ – وَاَللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَعْلَمُ